Non-pharmacological recommendations for osteoporosis prevention are based on lifestyle measures to reduce bone loss and modify factors that can influence fracture risk. Lifestyle measures include smoking cessation, avoidance of heavy alcohol, adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, exercise, and counselling on fall prevention. Calcium from dietary intake if adequate will not need supplementation; however vitamin D supplementation is usually required. The target of calcium 1000mg and 800iu of vitamin D daily are advised.