The approach to the management of genital discharge in men and women differ due to the varying presentations and aetiologies for each. In women, non-sexually transmitted causes are typically, physiological, bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis. In men, chlamydia and gonorrhoea are the most frequent causes of urethritis. A thorough history and examination should be conducted as they provide a guide to diagnosis and treatment. Investigations are particularly important in women to confirm or exclude sexually transmitted infections which are often asymptomatic. Where a sexually transmitted infection is suspected, patients should be counselled regarding abstaining until treatment completion, notification and treatment of sex partners to reduce onward transmission and re-infection, and safe sex practices.