With an ageing population, the incidence of osteoporotic fractures leading to deaths and impairment in quality of life. However, despite the availability of effective treatments, osteoporosis is often under-diagnosed and under-treated. Primary fracture prevention means detection of osteoporosis early with timely appropriate treatment to improve the bone and lifestyle and environment optimisation to reduce falls. We propose a population-based combined with high-risk prescreening for measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) to reduce the incidence of fractures in the population.